POTENSI DAN PENGARUH TANAMAN PADA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH PULP DAN KERTAS DENGAN SISTEM LAHAN BASAH

Sri Purwati; Aep Surachman

doi:10.25269/jsel.v42i2.187

POTENSI DAN PENGARUH TANAMAN PADA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH PULP DAN KERTAS DENGAN SISTEM LAHAN BASAH

Sri Purwati^(1*), Aep Surachman⁽²⁾
(1) Balai Besar Pulp dan Kertas
(2) Balai Besar Pulp dan Kertas
(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25269/jsel.v42i2.187

Abstract

Research on the pulp and paper effluents treatment by the wetland system process using mendong plant was conducted. Experiment was carried out in a laboratory scale to study the influence of plant on the treatment efficiency of waste water. The potency of plant in the wetland system was also studied both the effects on the land quality and the plant yields. The experiment results showed that treatment by the wetland system process using mendong plant can increase the efficiency of pollutant removal in the waste water. At the retention time of 30 hours and the organic loading rate of 0.5 gr COD/m³, day, the treatment system could increase removal of COD 11 – 13 %, BOD 15 -16%, Lignin 3 – 4% and Na 20-33%. The treatment system, can also improve land quality, increase vegetative growth and productivity of the plant. Finally, based on heavy metal analysis, it shows that mendong plant (Fimbristylis globulosa) is able to absorb heavy metal, especially Chromium (Cr) and Cadmiun (Cd) at 39-50% efficiency.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian pengolahan airlimbah pulp dan kertas dengan proses sistem lahan basah yang menggunakan tanaman mendong (Fimbristylis globulosa) telah dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium. Pengaruh dan potensi tanaman telah dipelajari melalui pengamatan efisiensi pengolahan air limbah dan juga efeknya terhadap kualitas tanah serta pertumbuhan tanaman. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan tanaman dalam sistem lahan basah dapat meningkatkan efisiensi reduksi kandungan pencemar dalam air limbah. Pada laju beban organic 0,5 gr COD/m³, hari, dengan waktu tinggal 30 jam dapat meningkatkan reduksi COD 11 – 13%, BOD 15-16%, lignin 3- 4% dan natrium 20-30%. Keunggulan pengolahan air limbah dengan sistem ini adalah kualitas tanah jadi meningkat sehingga meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman yang tumbuh pada tanah tersebut. Selain itu diperoleh hasil bahwa tanaman mendong mempunyai kemampuan menyerap logam berat khususnya Chromiun (Cr) dan Cadmium (Cd) yang terkandung dalam air limbah dengan efisiensi reduksi 39 – 50%

Keywords

Waste water treatment; wetland system; plant; pollutants; organic substance; heavy metal

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25269/jsel.v42i2.187